Passive Voice

File 5 C Have don't have to / must / musn't

Have to - Positives, Negatives, and Questions

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Have to is a construction (structure). It is not a modal verb. We use auxiliary verbs do and does to form questions and negatives. Examples: Positive I have to work very unsociable hours. She has to wear a uniform. Negative I don't have to work at weekends. John doesn't have to do any work at home. Question Do I have to pay in advance? Does your father have to travel a lot at his job?

Click on the links to do the exercise:

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/tenses/do_not_have_to.htm

http://www.better-english.com/grammar/mustnt.htm

http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.mustnt.i.htm

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/musthaveto/menu.php

What makes you feel good

Dancing is my favourite passtime and this year I'll start to sing in a choir.
She loves doing yoga and  trying new asanas is her new goal.
Mónica and Ana María

I really  like riding my bike in rural roads and enjoy doing it with friends. I decided to do it every weeekend to be fit. I ' ve felt better since then.
Leo and María Luz


I enjoy walking on the bank of the Paraná river on Sundays and visiting the retro markets to buy antiques.
Erica and Carla


On sunday, we enjoy going to the cinema. before watching the movie we buy coke and chips while we decide what movie we want to see.

jonatan y miriam


I really like panting in my free time and of course doing it very well. I decided to travel around Europe and to go to museaum and art galleries.
Daiana and Maria.

Sunbathing on the beach on my holidays and walking along the sea shore. I usually go to the theatre when there is a good play on.
Juan Santiago and Evelina

Verbs + to infinitive & Verbs + "ing"

Infinitive or -ing?

Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:

• -ing form (doing, singing)
  
  or
• infinitive form (to do, to sing).

For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one?

• I dislike working late. (???)
• I dislike to work late. (???)

When to use the infinitive

The infinitive form is used after certain verbs:
- forget, help, learn, teach, train
- choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like
- agree, encourage, pretend, promise
- allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse

• I forgot to close the window.
• Mary needs to leave early.
• Why are they encouraged to learn English?
• We can't afford to take a long holiday.

The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example:
- disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised

• I was happy to help them.
• She will be delighted to see you.

This includes too + adjective:

• The water was too cold to swim in.
• Is your coffee too hot to drink?

The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough:

• He was strong enough to lift it.
• She is rich enough to buy two.

When to use -ing

The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause:

• Swimming is good exercise.
• Doctors say that smoking is bad for you.

The -ing form is used after a preposition:

• I look forward to meeting you.
• They left without saying "Goodbye."

The -ing form is used after certain verbs:
- avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise

• I dislike getting up early.
• Would you mind opening the window?

Some verbs can be followed by the -ing form or the infinitive without a big change in meaning: begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start.

• It started to rain.
• It started raining.
• I like to play tennis.
• I like playing tennis.

CLICK ON THE LINKS TO PRACTICE:

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/gerund_infinitiv.htm

http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/index.htm

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/infinitive-

gerundhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/gerinf1.htm

What can you do? Can you understand this text?

Audrey Hepburn’s Wedding Dress Sold at Auction

Kerry Taylor Auctions 

Aupburn’s Wedding Dress Sold at Auction Wednesday December 9, 2009 12:11 PM Kerry Taylor Auctions Audrey Hepburn’s ivory satin wedding dress sold for nearly $23,000 at an auction in London on Tuesday. The dress, which was designed in 1952 by the Fontana sisters, was made for Hepburn’s wedding to businessman James Hanson. The actress ended up calling off the wedding and asked that the dress be given, “to someone who could never afford a dress like mine, the most beautiful, poor Italian girl you can find.” The recipient was Amabile Altobella who wore the dress when she married a local farm worker. “I have had a happy marriage, so the dress brought me luck,” Altobella said after donating it. 

Wednesday December 9, 2009 12:11 PM